Finding and eradicating invasive plants is a tough job that requires constant vigilance. County-scale maps that show where invasive plants are and where they have the potential to spread in the future are helping on-the-ground efforts to build the resilience of natural vegetation.

This template course was developed from generally available open educational resources (OER) in use at multiple institutions, drawing mostly from a primary work published by OpenStax College Concepts of Biology, but also including additional open works from various sources as noted in attributions on each page of materials.

This material is labwork meant to be used in conjunction with the Candela "Biology II" course.

This learning video introduces high school students to a topic they would not ordinarily study in school, biotechnology, and to different applications of biotechnology that relate to the main theme of the module - making the desert greener. After reviewing traditional methods used for manipulating plants to produce desired traits, students will learn about the methods of making transgenic plants. Dr. Ziad discusses a real world problem that is critical in his country, Jordan, where much of the land is desert. A prerequisite to this video lesson is some background in biology.

CK-12’s Life Science delivers a full course of study in the life sciences for the middle school student, relating an understanding of the history, disciplines, tools, and modern techniques of science to the exploration of cell biology, molecular biology, genetics, evolution, prokaryotes, protists,fungi, plants, animals, invertebrates, vertebrates, human biology, and ecology. This digital textbook was reviewed for its alignment with California content standards.

CK-12’s Life Science delivers a full course of study in the life sciences for the middle school student, relating an understanding of the history, disciplines, tools, and modern techniques of science to the exploration of cell biology, genetics, evolution, prokaryotes, protists, fungi, plants, the animal kingdom, the human body, and ecology. This digital textbook was reviewed for its alignment with California content standards.

This video will help students, particularly those not in AP-level classes, have a practical application for knowing about the major divisions between plants, particularly about the details of plant anatomy and reproduction. Students will be able to :Identify the major evolutionary innovations that separate plant divisions, and classify plants as belonging to one of those divisions based on phenotypic differences in plants. Classify plants by their pollen dispersal methods using pollen dispersal mapping, and justify the location of a _„ƒcrime scene_„Ž using map analysis. Analyze and present their analysis of banding patterns from DNA fingerprinting done using plants in a forensic context.

This student-centered Exploration Routine can be used in many different ecosystems and provides a way for students to search for, observe, research, and share discoveries about organisms. It can be used with any type of organism or phenomenon you choose for students to focus on, such as macro-invertebrates in streams or ponds, under-log organisms, insects caught with nets, or plants.

This activity demonstrates the effect of changes in the environment on the growth of plants. The plants are placed in environments such as high salinity, cold, heat, or drought and observe the different reactions (growth) of the plants to these conditions. Students discuss the desirability of breeding new types of plants that are better able to withstand these changes if they occur in the general environment. The objectives of this activity is to: 1. Plant, grow and maintain plants under different environmental treatment conditions. 2. Observe differences in plant growth between these treatments. 3. Compare the growth of treated plants with the growth of control plants

An image of -- Bigtooth maple, color range -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, University of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum) is often found along streams and in drainages in the foothill region. 'Bigtooth' refers to the leaves of these trees which are deeply lobed. It is also called canyon maple or western sugar maple. In the fall, the leaves are very colorful. Deer and livestock eat the twigs and leaves. Native people used bigtooth maple for flavoring. ===

An image of -- Bigtooth maple, floral structure -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum) is often found along streams and in drainages in the foothill region. 'Bigtooth' refers to the leaves of these trees which are deeply lobed. It is also called canyon maple or western sugar maple. In the fall, the leaves are very colorful. Deer and livestock eat the twigs and leaves. Native people used bigtooth maple for flavoring. ===

An image of -- Bigtooth maple, hillside -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum) is often found along streams and in drainages in the foothill region. 'Bigtooth' refers to the leaves of these trees which are deeply lobed. It is also called canyon maple or western sugar maple. In the fall, the leaves are very colorful. Deer and livestock eat the twigs and leaves. Native people used bigtooth maple for flavoring. ===

An image of -- Bigtooth maple, red leaves -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum) is often found along streams and in drainages in the foothill region. 'Bigtooth' refers to the leaves of these trees which are deeply lobed. It is also called canyon maple or western sugar maple. In the fall, the leaves are very colorful. Deer and livestock eat the twigs and leaves. Native people used bigtooth maple for flavoring. ===

An image of -- Bitterbrush -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) has small, silvery leaves adapted for its life on sunny hillsides and rocky slopes at 3500- 9000 feet. It is called the favorite browse of mule deer, and it is also eaten by elk. The seeds are eaten by pocket gophers, chipmunks, and ground squirrels. ===

An image of -- Bitterbrush, leaf close-up -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) has small, silvery leaves adapted for its life on sunny hillsides and rocky slopes at 3500- 9000 feet. It is called the favorite browse of mule deer, and it is also eaten by elk. The seeds are eaten by pocket gophers, chipmunks, and ground squirrels. ===

An image of -- Chokecherry -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) is usually found along streams or on moist slopes at 4500- 9,000 feet. It is an important food source for many animals, including grouse and bighorn sheep. It was named chokecherry for the bitter taste of the berries, though it has been widely used for jams and juice. ===

An image of -- Chokecherry, with berries -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) is usually found along streams or on moist slopes at 4500- 9,000 feet. It is an important food source for many animals, including grouse and bighorn sheep. It was named chokecherry for the bitter taste of the berries, though it has been widely used for jams and juice. ===

An image of -- Chokecherry, with flowers -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) is usually found along streams or on moist slopes at 4500- 9000 feet. It is an important food source for many animals, including grouse and bighorn sheep. It was named chokecherry for the bitter taste of the berries, though it has been widely used for jams and juice. ===

An image of -- Gambel oak -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), often called scrub oak, grows at 4500- 7500 feet along the Wasatch Front. This deciduous shrub is often seen in thickets because it grows in clones. It is an important browse for deer. Stellars jays, scrub jays, and rodents feed on its acorns. Acorns were ground and used by native people in bread, soup and pancakes. ===

An image of -- Sagebrush -- is provided, drawn from the the collection of UTAH NATIVE PLANTS, contributed by the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum, Unviersity of Utah. The photographs show the changing appearance of various plants throughout the seasons. === Sagebrush (Artemesia tridentata ), one of the most abundant shrubs in the west, lives in well-drained soils of sunny, open slopes at 4,500- 10,000 feet. Sagebrush is a shrub, but it has green leaves all year. Every spring additional ephemeral leaves grow on this plant to maximize photosynthesis; they drop off when the weather becomes hotter and drier. Sagebrush leaves have a very strong scent. This plant is eaten by deer and livestock, sage grouse, and many other small animals. ===